Description of Pristionchus stercoraris sp. n. and first report of Tylopharynx foetida from India (Nematoda: Diplogastrina)

Document Type : Research articles

Authors

• Gazala Yousuf ¹
• M Mahamood ²

¹ Aligarh Muslim University

² Glocal University

10.22067/ijab.v13i1.58156

Abstract

Pristionchus stercoraris sp. n. and Tylopharynx foetida (Bütschli, 1874) Goffart, 1930 of the suborder Diplogastrina are described and illustrated in detail. Both the species were isolated from farmyard manure collected from Baramulla, Jammu & Kashmir, India. P. stercoraris sp. n. is characterized by faint annulations on cuticle, steno– as well as eurystomatous types of stoma, thin-walled cheilostom, long elongate cardia, slender spicules with slightly anteriorly curved distal tip, a boat-shaped gubernaculum with a medial dorsal convex; proximally with an anteriorly directed needle-like extension and distally with a sleeve and eight pairs of genital papillae. Measurements and descriptions of our specimens of T. foetida agree well with that of Bütschli (1874). However, slight differences were observed in the length of stoma, tail, anal body diameter, anterior pharynx, and in the position of excretory pore. No species of both Pristionchus and Tylopharynx have so far been reported from India.

Keywords

• Descriptions
• Farmyard manure
• first report
• new species
• Pristionchus
• taxonomy
• Tylopharynx

---

References

Andrassy I., 1984. Klasse Nematoda. Gustav Fischer Verlag. Stuttgart, Germany, 509 p.

 

Bütschli O., 1974. Zur Kenntniss der freilebenden Nematoden insbesondere der des Keiler Hafens. Abhandlungen der Senckenbergischen naturforschenden Gesellschaft 9, 1–56.

 

De Ley, P., De Grisse A.T., Van De Velde M.C., COOMANS, A., 1993. Ultrastructure of the stoma in Tylopharynx. Mededelingen Fakulteit Landbouwwetenschappen Universiteit Gent 58, 763–777.

 

Eizinger, A., Jungblut, B., Sommer, R.J., 1999. Evolutionary change in the functional specificity of genes. Trends in Genetics 15, 197–202.

 

Fedorko, A., Stanuszek, S., 1971. Pristionchus uniformis sp. n. (Nematoda, Rhabditida, Diplogasteridae) a facultative parasite of Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say and Melolontha melolontha L. in Poland. Morphology and biology, Acta Parasitologica Polonica 19, 95–112.

 

Fürst von Lieven, A., 2002. Functional morphology, origin and phylogenetic implications of the feeding mechanism of Tylopharynx foetida (Nematoda: Diplogastrina). Russian Journal of Nematology 10, 11–23

 

Herrmann, M., Mayer, W.E., Sommer, R.J., 2006. Nematodes of the genus Pristionchus are closely associated with scarab beetles and the Colorado potato beetle in Western Europe. Zoology 109, 96–108.

 

Kanzaki, N., Ragsdale, E.J., Herrmann, M., Sommer, R.J., 2012. Two New species of Pristionchus (Rhabditida: Diplogastridae): P. fissidentatus n. sp. from Nepal and La Re´union Island and P. elegans n. sp. from Japan. Journal of Nematology 44, 80–91.

 

Maggenti, A., 1963. Comparative morphology in nemic phylogeny. In: Dougherty, E.C. (Ed.). The lower Metazoa, comparative biology and phylogeny. Berkeley, USA. University of California Press 273–282 p.

 

Maupas, E., 1919. Essais d’hybridation chez les ne´matodes. Bulletin Biologique de la France et de la Belgique 52, 466–498.

 

Paramonov, A.A. 1952. Opyt ekologicheskoi klassificatsii fitonematod. [Ecological classification of plant nematodes.] Trudy Zoologiceskogo Instituta Academia Nauk SSSR (Moskva) 9, 602–612.

 

Sommer, R.J., 2000. Evolution of nematode development. Current Opinion in Genetics and Development 10, 443–448.

 

Sommer, R.J., Carta, L.K., Kim, S.Y., Sternberg, P.W., 1996. Morphological, genetic and molecular description of Pristionchus pacificus sp. n. (Nematoda: Neodiplogastridae). Fundamental and applied Nematology 19, 511–521.

 

Sudhaus, W., Fürst von Lieven, A., 2003. A phylogenetic classification and catalogue of the Diplogastridae (Secernentea, Nematoda). Journal of Nematode Morphology and Systematics 6, 43–90.

 

Wu, J., De Ley, P., Liang, Y., 2001. Description of a New species of the genus Tylopharynx (Nemata: Diplogasteroidea), T. clariamphida sp. n., with a redescription of T. foetida (Bütschli, 1874) Goffart. 1930. Journal of Nematology 33, 83–90.